Construction:
- Made from flexible membranes that register key presses.
- Typically consists of three layers: a top layer with printed circuits, a middle layer that acts as a spacer, and a bottom layer with conductive traces.
Tactile Feedback:
- Unlike standard membrane keyboards that offer little to no feedback, tactile membrane keyboards provide a noticeable bump when a key is pressed, helping users confirm that the key has been actuated.
Advantages:
- Quiet Operation: Generally quieter than mechanical keyboards.
- Cost-Effective: Typically less expensive than mechanical keyboards.
- Space-Saving: Often thinner and lighter, making them suitable for portable devices.
Use Cases:
- Commonly found in laptops, budget keyboards, and environments where quiet operation is preferred.

Considerations

Durability: While they are often more durable than traditional membrane keyboards, they may not last as long as mechanical keyboards.
Typing Experience: The tactile feedback can enhance typing accuracy and comfort compared to non-tactile membrane keyboards.

Membrane Switch Specification:

1)Material---for front or face overlay

Polyester

1.Highly versatile for embossing 2.Highly resistant to chemicals

3.Better durability 4.For internal and external use

Polycarbonate

1.Wide range of surface finishes and thicknesses

2.More cost-effective 3.For internal and external use

2) Embossing--rim embossing pillow embossing dim embpssing

Graphic overlays can be embossed in order to insert domes (tactile), leave space for mechanical keys and provide tactile indications Pedestal embossing

3)Windows ----for display function

1. print colors windows

2.transparent finishes windows

4)Keys/buttons

Tactile keys---with metal dome or poly dome

Non-tactile--silver printing spot

5) Embeded LEDs-

miniature LED, LED colors:white, yellow, orange, green, red, etc.

6)Cable

is an extension of the printed circuit and is used to communicate with your device

7)Types of connector

1.Zero insertion force (ZIF) connector; 2.Female connector; 3.male connector

8) EMI / RFI / ESD Shielding

use an aluminum foil shielding / a clear ITO electrical conductive polyester

9) Adhesive ----mostly used are 3M-double-side glue

10)Backplate---in aluminum, polycarbonate or acrylic

Membrane switch Performance Index:

Environmentl	Operating Temperature	-40°C to +80°C (-40°to 176°F)
	Storage Temperature	-40°C to +85°C (-40°to 185°F)
	Humidity	40°C, 90% to 95% for 240 hours
	Vibration	20G's max.
Mechanical	Actuation Force	Non-tactile 60g to 300g (2oz to 10oz)
		Tactile 150g to 400g (6oz to 14oz)
	Switch Stroke	Non-tactile 0.1 to 0.5mm
	Life Expectancy	Tactile 0.6 to 1.5mm
		Non-tactile >5 million actuations
		Tactile >1 million actuations
Electrical	Operating Voltage	35 volts maximum
	Operating Current	10 micro amps to 100 milliamps, resistive
	Operating Power	1 watt maximum
	Circuit Resistance	10 ohms to 500 ohms, dependent on size and layout
	Insulation Resistance	100M ohms at 100V DC
	Dielectric Withstand	>250 VRMs (50-60Hz 1 minute)
	Contact Bounce	≤ 5 milliseconds

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